Hi Daniel,
I’m sure we all agree here that ALL sound theology is verified by scripture. Regarding the Apostles, the first 12 were chosen by our Father and given to His Son, as Jesus reveals in His prayer in the 17th chapter of John:
6 “I have manifested Your name to the men whom You have given Me out of the world. They were Yours, You gave them to Me, and they have kept Your word. 7 Now they have known that all things which You have given Me are from You. 8 For I have given to them the words which You have given Me; and they have received them, and have known surely that I came forth from You; and they have believed thatYou sent Me.
9 “I pray for them. I do not pray for the world but for those whom You have given Me, for they are Yours. 10 And all Mine are Yours, and Yours are Mine, and I am glorified in them. 11 Now I am no longer in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to You. Holy Father, keep through Your name those whom You have given Me, that they may be one as We are. 12 While I was with them in the world, I kept them in Your name. Those whom You gave Me I have kept; and none of them is lost except the son of perdition, that the Scripture might be fulfilled. 13 But now I come to You, and these things I speak in the world, that they may have My joy fulfilled in themselves. 14 I have given them Your word; and the world has hated them because they are not of the world, just as I am not of the world. 15 I do not pray that You should take them out of the world, but that You should keep them from the evil one. 16 They are not of the world, just as I am not of the world.17 Sanctify them by Your truth. Your word is truth. 18 As You sent Me into the world, I also have sent them into the world. 19 And for their sakes I sanctify Myself, that they also may be sanctified by the truth.
The details of Jesus’ prayer reveal their qualifications. Later Matthias was chosen to replace Judas Iscariot. His qualifications are revealed in Acts 1, and they matched those of the original 12. Also in the book of Acts, the Lord Himself spoke to Ananias and told him that He had chosen Saul (Paul) as well, specifically as “a chosen vessel of Mine to bear My name before Gentiles, kings, and the children of Israel” (Acts 9:15). Then when Ananias laid hands on Saul (Paul), he was immediately filled with the Holy Spirit.
These special men were specifically chosen to establish the church, and they accomplished what God gave them to do. That work is done and endures to this very day. Our work is to believe in the One who sent them out and to testify to His power to save. Praying your question is answered....